Xpath in SeleniumWebDriver
I. Xpath là gì?
- Xpath (XML Path) - an expression that is used to find element in the XML document. In the Selenium, it's a technique to navigate through HTML structure to locate element.
Ex:
//input[@id='email']
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<bookstore>
<book category="cooking">
<title lang="en">Everyday Italian</title>
<author>Giada De Laurentiis</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>30.00</price>
</book>
<book category="children">
<title lang="en">Harry Potter</title>
<author>J K. Rowling</author>
<year>2005</year>
<price>29.99</price>
</book>
<book category="web">
<title lang="en">XQuery Kick Start</title>
<author>James McGovern</author>
<author>Per Bothner</author>
<author>Kurt Cagle</author>
<author>James Linn</author>
<author>Vaidyanathan Nagarajan</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>49.99</price>
</book>
<book category="web">
<title lang="en">Learning XML</title>
<author>Erik T. Ray</author>
<year>2003</year>
<price>39.95</price>
</book>
</bookstore>
II. Xpath structure
III. Xpath types
3.1 Absolute xpath
- Any small changes in path of the element that can make xpath failed.
<html>
<head>...</head>
<body>
...
<form id="loginForm">
<input name="name" type="text" value="First Name" />
<input name="name" type="text" value="Last Name" />
<input name="email" type="text" value="Business Email" />
<input name="password" type="password" />
<input name="continue" type="submit" value="Sign Me Up" />
</form>
</body>
</html>html/body/form/input[3]
3.2 Relative xpath
- Element to be searched at anywhere in HTML.
- The element path is easy to catch up and understand.
//form/input[3]
IV. Priority using Xpath
1. Unique: The value of attribute must be unique.
2. Meaning: The value attribute of the field must have meaning.
3. Attribute: Prioritize these tags: id/class/name.
