Software Life Cycle Models

                     SOFTWARE LIFE CYCLE MODELS

1. Waterfall Model

• Waterfall Model is the oldest SDLC Mode
• It resembles how the water fall flows from up side to down side
• It will proceed Phase by Phase
   All the requirements should be ready to proceed to other next phases
• Testing team is not involved from the beginning stages, hence defect fixing becomes time consuming
• and costly
• Any changes in Requirements, Design or Defects to be fixed, we have to moved back to respective
• phases and again come down
• Takes lot of time to see the working product

Advantages of Waterfall Model

• Quality of the product will be good.
• Since Requirement changes are not allowed , chances of finding bugs will be less.
• Initial investment is less since the testers are hired at the later stages.
• Preferred for small projects where requirements are feezed.

 Disadvantages of Waterfall Model

• Requirement changes are not allowed.
• If there is defect in Requirement that will be continued in later phases.
• Total investment is more because time taking for rework on defect is time consuming which leads to 
• high investment.
• Testing will start only after coding.

2. V-model

•  In the Phase by Phase models, we have to recheck the previous phases if we find any defects in testing which is lately introduced in the SDLC
• V Models solves this problem as Testing is introduced from the beginning itself
• Frequently changed requirements are not addressed in this Model

Advantages

• Testing is involved in each and every phase.

Disadvantages

• Documentation is more.
• Initial investment is more.

3. Spiral Model

Spiral Model is iterative model.

• Spiral Model overcome drawbacks of Waterfall model.
• We follow spiral model whenever there is dependency on the modules.
• In every cycle new software will be released to customer. 
• Software will be released in multiple versions. So it is also called version control model. 

 Advantages of Spiral Model

•  Testing is done in every cycle, before going to the next cycle.
•  Customer will get to use the software for every module.
•  Requirement changes are allowed after every cycle before going to the next cycle.

 Disadvantages of Spiral Model

•  Requirement changes are NOT allowed in between the cycle.
•  Every cycle of spiral model looks like waterfall model. 
• There is no testing in requirement & design phase. 

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Software Testing

 Software Testing

1. What is software?

A Software is a collection of computer programs that helps us to perform a task.

Types of Software:

• System software

Ex: Device drivers, Operating Systems, Servers, Utilities, etc.

• Programming software

Ex: compilers, debuggers, interpreters, etc.

• Application software

Ex: Web Applications, Mobile Apps, Desktop Applications etc.

2. What is Software Testing?

• Software Testing is a part of software development process. 
• Software Testing is an activity to detect and identify the defects in the software. 
• The objective of testing is to release quality product to the client.

3. Why do we need testing?

• Ensure that software is bug free
• Ensure that system meets customer requirements and software specifications. 
• Ensure that system meets end user expectations.
• Fixing the bugs identified after release is more expensive. 

4. Error, Bug & Failure

• Error: Any incorrect human action that produces a problem in the system is called an error.
• Defect/Bug: Deviation from the expected behavior to the actual behavior of the system is called defect.
• Failure: The deviation identified by end-user while using the system is called a failure. 

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Switch tabs in Selenium

                                 Switch tabs in Selenium

• We have to get all the set of tabs present in the browser.
• When switching you might need to wait for 5 to 10 seconds for the types of browser windows to get generated.

2 Tabs:

You can switch between the tabs usingdriver.switchTo().window("handle")

String parentID = driver.getWindowHandle();
ArrayList<String> tabs2 = new ArrayList<String> (driver.getWindowHandles());
if(parentID.equals(tabs2.get(0))) {
  driver.switchTo().window(tabs2.get(1));
}else {
  driver.switchTo().window(tabs2.get(0));
}
// perform your tasks on the newly created window

More than 2 tabs:

You need to bring the loop once you find the target window

String parentID = driver.getWindowHandle();
ArrayList<String> tabs2 = new ArrayList<String> (driver.getWindowHandles());

for (String handle : tabs2) {
  driver.switchTo().window(handle);
  if(driver.getTitle().equals("your wish")) {
	  break;
  }
}
// perform your tasks on the newly created window

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CSV Files in Selenium

CSV Files with selenium

I. Concept CSV file

It is a common format for data interchange as it is simple, compact, and used everywhere. It will open into Excel with a double click, and nearly all databases have a tool to allow import from CSV

It is a common format for data interchange as it is simple, compact, and used everywhere. It will open into Excel with a double click, and nearly all databases have a tool to allow import from CSV

We can handle the CSV file using the below packages :

• Apache Commons CSV
• Open CV

II. Dependency CSV Integration

First of all, you need to add an apache-commons-csv dependency in your project. If you use maven, then add the following dependency to your pom.xml file.

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
    <artifactId>commons-csv</artifactId>
    <version>1.5</version>
</dependency>

Link: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-csv/download_csv.cgi

III. Reading a CSV file by Column Index

Ex:

import org.testng.annotations.Test;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVFormat;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVParser;
import org.apache.commons.csv.CSVRecord;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.Reader;
import java.nio.file.Files;
import java.nio.file.Paths;
public class ApacheCommonsCSV {
	@Test
	public void readCSV() throws IOException {
		String CSV_File_Path = "C:UsersuserDesktopq.csv";
		// read the file
		Reader reader = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(CSV_File_Path));
		// parse the file into csv values
		CSVParser csvParser = new CSVParser(reader, CSVFormat.DEFAULT);

        for (CSVRecord csvRecord : csvParser) {
            // Accessing Values by Column Index
			String name = csvRecord.get(0);
			String product = csvRecord.get(1);
			String description = csvRecord.get(2);
			// print the value to console
			System.out.println("Record No - " + csvRecord.getRecordNumber());
			System.out.println("---------------");
			System.out.println("Name : " + name);
			System.out.println("Product : " + product);
			System.out.println("Description : " + description);
			System.out.println("---------------

");
        }
	}
}

IV. Reading a CSV file with Column Name

Ex:

public class ReadWithColumnName {
	@Test
	public void readCSV() throws IOException {
		String CSV_File_Path = "C:UsersuserDesktopq.csv";
		// read the file
		Reader reader = Files.newBufferedReader(Paths.get(CSV_File_Path));
        CSVParser csvParser = new CSVParser(reader, CSVFormat.DEFAULT
                .withHeader("Name", "Product", "Description")
                .withIgnoreHeaderCase()
                .withTrim());

        for (CSVRecord csvRecord : csvParser) {
            // Accessing values by the names assigned to each column
            String name = csvRecord.get("Name");
            String product = csvRecord.get("Product");
            String description = csvRecord.get("Description");
            System.out.println("Record No - " + csvRecord.getRecordNumber());
            System.out.println("---------------");
            System.out.println("Name : " + name);
            System.out.println("Product : " + product);
            System.out.println("Description : " + description);
            System.out.println("---------------

");
        }
	}
}

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Basic Form

XPath Tip and Trick

Hello World! (Ignore Me) @04:45 PM

I'm a Hacker - 18 years old - living in Viet Nam - 15/03/2020

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Michael Jackson

Mail Personal or Business Check, Cashier's Check or money order to:

NOP SOLUTIONS
your address here,
New York, NY 10001 
USA

Notice that if you pay by Personal or Business Check, your order may be held for up to 10 days after we receive your check to allow enough time for the check to clear.  If you want us to ship faster upon receipt of your payment, then we recommend your send a money order or Cashier's check.

P.S. You can edit this text from admin panel.

Hello "John", What's happened?

Many of the estimates are acknowledged to be rough and out of date, as follows:
Afghanistan: 100-200
Bhutan: 100-200
China: 2,000-2,500
India: 200-600
Kazakhstan: 180-200
Kyrgyzstan: 150-500
Mongolia: 500-1,000
Nepal: 300-500
Pakistan: 200-420
Russia: 150-200
Tajikistan: 180-220
Uzbekistan: 20-50

1. Your basic info

Email:

Password:

Number:

Age:
Under 18
18 or older
Radio button is disabled
First Name Read-Only:

2. Your profile

Education:

Biography:

Job Role 01 - Single Dropdown:
Automation Testing Manual Testing Adhoc Testing Mobile Testing Desktop Testing Security Testing Perfomance Testing Intergration Testing Unit Testing Functional UI Testing

Job Role 02 - Multiple Dropdown:
Automation Manual Adhoc Mobile Desktop Security Perfomance Intergration Unit Functional UI

Job Role 03 - Disable Dropdown:
Dropdown is disabled

Interests:
Development

Design

Checkbox is disabled


Languagues:
Java

C#

Javascript

Python

Ruby

PHP


Slider 01: Slider 02 (Disabled):

Tooltips can be attached to any element. When you hover the element with your mouse, the title attribute is displayed in a little box next to the element, just like a native tooltip.

But as it's not a native tooltip, it can be styled. Any themes built with ThemeRoller will also style tooltips accordingly.

Tooltips are also useful for form elements, to show some additional information in the context of each field.

Your age:

Hover the field to see the tooltip.

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Test Scenarios for Image Upload Functionality

 

Test Scenarios for Image Upload Functionality

1. Check for the uploaded image path.

2. Check image upload and change functionality.

3. Check image upload functionality with image files of different extensions (For Example, JPEG, PNG, BMP, etc.)

4. Check image upload functionality with images that have space or any other allowed special character in the file name.

5. Check for duplicate name image upload.

6. Check the image upload with an image size greater than the max allowed size. Proper error messages should be displayed.

7. Check image upload functionality with file types other than images (For Example, txt, doc, pdf, exe, etc.). A proper error message should be displayed.

8. Check if images of specified height and width (if defined) are accepted or otherwise rejected.

9. The image upload progress bar should appear for large size images.

10. Check if the cancel button functionality is working in between the upload process.

11. Check if the file selection dialog only shows the supported files listed.

12. Check the multiple images upload functionality.

13. Check image quality after upload. Image quality should not be changed after upload.

14. Check if the user is able to use/view the uploaded images.

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Test Cases for Error Message

Test Cases for Error Message

1. Check the spelling of the error message is correct or not.

2. Verify the grammar for the error messages is correct.

3. Verify error message for empty field will be displayed.

4. Verify the error message uploading an empty file is displayed.

5. Verify an error message will be displayed for files that are not supported by the system.

6. Verify message when confirming email/phone registration is duplicated or locked

7. Verify an error message will be displayed in case characters out of range.

8. Check the error message that will be displayed for the invalid URL.

9. An error message will be displayed when a captcha is not valid.

10. Verify and check error message will be displayed if captcha is not uploaded (may be affected by network)

11. Verify where the error message should be aligned.

12. A 500 error message page will be displayed to the user. (when affected by Server)

13. Verify the time period for the error message to be displayed.

14. Verify the Alert error messages are not overlapping.

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Explict Wait in Selenium

 I. Explicit Wait in selenium

ExplicitWait does not have any effect on findElement and findElements. ExplicitWait also called WebdriverWait.

WebDriverWait by default calls the ExpectedCondition every 500 milliseconds until it returns successfully.

Syntax : WebDriverWait wait=new WebDriverWait( driver, timeoutInSeconds);




II. alertIsPresent()

Ex:

public class A
{
	public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
	{
		//open firefox
		WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
		//open google.com
		driver.get("https://abc.com");
		driver.findElement(BY.xpath("//button[@class='alert']")).click();
		WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30 /*timeout in seconds*/);
		//throws TimeoutException if no alert is present
		wait.until(ExpectedConditions.alertIsPresent());
		driver.switchTo().alert().dismiss();
	}
}

III. elementToBeClickable()

Ex:

public class A
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
  {
      //open firefox
      WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
      //open google.com
      driver.get("https:abc.com");
      driver.findElement(By.xpath("//button[@id='btn1']")).click();

  }
}

IV. elementToBeSelected()

Ex:

public class A
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
  {
      //open firefox
      WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
      //open google.com
      driver.get("https//:abc.com");
      driver.findElement(BY.xpath("//button[@class='alert']")).click();
      WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30 /*timeout in seconds*/);
      //throws TimeoutException if element is not selected in given time
      wait.until(ExpectedConditions.elementToBeSelected(By.xpath("//input[@id='hidden]"))));
  }
}

V. textToBePresentInElement()

Ex:

public class A
{
  public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException
  {
      //open firefox
      WebDriver driver=new FirefoxDriver();
      //open google.com
      driver.get("https//:abc.com");
      driver.findElement(BY.xpath("//button[@class='alert']")).click();
      WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, 30 /*timeout in seconds*/);
      //throws TimeoutException if some text is not present in he webpage
      wait.until(ExpectedConditions.textToBePresentInElement(By.xpath("//input[@id='h2]"))));
  }
}

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